华北水利水电大学学报（社会科学版）

黄河流域水权交易既能够提升流域水资源利用效率，又进一步彰显流域水资源的刚性约束和安全边界。文章探讨了黄河流域水权交易当前存在的三个现实瓶颈：“政府责任缺位”的“制度瓶颈”、“相关利益补偿不足”的“供给瓶颈”和“市场手段难以有效发挥”的“生存瓶颈”。未来黄河流域水权交易应在多方面寻求突破：以遵循准市场规律为支撑，明确政府与市场的角色定位；以扩大水权市场规模为引擎，强化市场机制在交易中主导地位；以健全水权定价机制为核心，增强对水权出让方的激励作用；以处理好生态环境问题为保障，实现水市场多方效益均衡；以完善水资源监测体系为保障，促进水权交易信息化建设。

Water rights trading in the Yellow River Basin can not only improve the utilization efficiency of water resources, but also further highlight the rigid constraints and security boundaries of water resources of the basin. At present, in terms of water rights trading of the basin, there exists the system bottleneck that the government responsibility is absent, the supply bottleneck that compensation for relevant interests is insufficient, and the survival bottleneck that market-based instruments are difficult to exert effectively. We should seek a breakthrough in the future water rights trading as follows: defining the role of the government and the market scientifically with the support of following the quasi-market law, strengthening the dominant position of market mechanism in trading by taking expanding the scale of water rights market as the engine, enhancing the incentive effect on the water rights transferors by improving the pricing mechanism of water rights, achieving multi-party benefit balance in the water market by taking handling eco-environment problems as a guarantee, promoting the information construction of water rights trading by taking improving water resources monitoring system as the guarantee, and so forth.